{"id":544,"date":"2015-03-24T13:15:58","date_gmt":"2015-03-24T12:15:58","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/cegat.net\/web\/en\/?p=544"},"modified":"2022-05-02T09:03:26","modified_gmt":"2022-05-02T08:03:26","slug":"harmony-test-is-not-influenced-by-heparin-not-affected-by-guanine-cytosine-content","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.cenata.de\/en\/harmony-test-is-not-influenced-by-heparin-not-affected-by-guanine-cytosine-content\/","title":{"rendered":"Harmony Test is not influenced by guanine-cytosine content of a sample"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-post\" data-elementor-id=\"544\" class=\"elementor elementor-544\" data-elementor-post-type=\"post\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-a7d52d6 elementor-section-stretched elementor-hidden-mobile elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"a7d52d6\" 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class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Harmony Test is not influenced by guanine-cytosine content of a sample<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-ede7a35 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"ede7a35\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<header class=\"entry-content-header\"><header class=\"entry-content-header\"><header class=\"entry-content-header\"><header class=\"entry-content-header\"><header class=\"entry-content-header\">24. March 2015<\/header><footer class=\"entry-footer\"><\/footer><\/header><footer class=\"entry-footer\"><\/footer><\/header><\/header><\/header>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-9159e3a elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"9159e3a\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<header><header><header><header><header><header><div class=\"entry-content\"><div class=\"entry-content\"><div class=\"entry-content\"><div class=\"entry-content\"><div class=\"entry-content\"><div class=\"entry-content\"><div class=\"entry-content\"><div class=\"entry-content\"><div class=\"entry-content\"><div class=\"entry-content\"><div class=\"entry-content\"><div class=\"entry-content\"><div class=\"entry-content\"><div class=\"entry-content\"><p>The Harmony<sup>&reg;<\/sup>&nbsp;Test specifically analyses pre-defined and carefully selected sequences of the <a href=\"https:\/\/www.cenata.de\/en\/encyclopedia\/chromosome\/\" target=\"_self\" title=\"A chromosome is an complex of tightly-coiled DNA and the proteins which hold the structure together. Normal human cells contain 23 pairs of chromosomes - 22 autosomes and the X and Y sex chromosomes.\" class=\"encyclopedia\">chromosome<\/a>s in question by means of the&nbsp;<a class=\"encyclopedia\" title=\"&ldquo;Digital Analysis of Selected Regions: a computer-assisted analysis of specific pre-selected genetic regions. In the Harmony test, several hundred chromosome-specific genetic regions are tested for each chromosome of interest. These genetic regions have been previously defined in a complex procedure, allowing a stringent standardisation of the Harmony test. In previous methods (rMPS, random massively parallel&hellip;\" href=\"https:\/\/www.cenata.de\/en\/encyclopedia\/dansr\/\" target=\"_self\">DANSR<\/a>&nbsp;(Digital Analysis of Selected Regions) technology<sup class=\"footnote\"><a id=\"fnref-544-1\" href=\"https:\/\/www.cenata.de\/en\/harmony-test-is-not-influenced-by-heparin-not-affected-by-guanine-cytosine-content\/#fn-544-1\">1<\/a><\/sup>. Other&nbsp;<a class=\"encyclopedia\" title=\"Non-invasive prenatal tests are molecular genetic analyses in prenatal diagnostics to detect fetal chromosomal anomalies from the maternal blood, avoiding the risk of miscarriage inherent in more invasive methods.\" href=\"https:\/\/www.cenata.de\/en\/encyclopedia\/nipt\/\" target=\"_self\">NIPT<\/a>&nbsp;methods based on the&nbsp;<a class=\"encyclopedia\" title='rMPS = \"random massively parallel sequencing\": the parallel sequencing of randomly selected sequences of cell free maternal and fetal DNA. See also: MPSS.' href=\"https:\/\/www.cenata.de\/en\/encyclopedia\/rmps\/\" target=\"_self\">rMPS<\/a>&nbsp;(random massively parallel sequencing) method (e.g. PraenaTest<sup>&reg;<\/sup>, Praenatalis-Test<sup>&reg;<\/sup>), sequence randomly selected sequences of free&nbsp;<a class=\"encyclopedia\" title=\"Deoxyribonucleic acid: biomolecule and carrier of genetic information\" href=\"https:\/\/www.cenata.de\/en\/encyclopedia\/dna\/\" target=\"_self\">DNA<\/a>.<\/p><p>The random sequencing employed in <a href=\"https:\/\/www.cenata.de\/en\/encyclopedia\/rmps\/\" target=\"_self\" title='rMPS = \"random massively parallel sequencing\": the parallel sequencing of randomly selected sequences of cell free maternal and fetal DNA. See also: MPSS.' class=\"encyclopedia\">rMPS<\/a> methods is susceptible to a shift of the so-called&nbsp;<a class=\"encyclopedia\" title=\"In molecular biology and genetics, the GC content refers to the proportion of the DNA bases guanine (G) and cytosine (C) that occur as pairs, relative to adenine (A) and thymine (T). The distribution of the GC base pairs differs between chromosomes.\" href=\"https:\/\/www.cenata.de\/en\/encyclopedia\/gc-distribution\/\" target=\"_self\">GC distribution<\/a>. This is caused, amongst other things, by treatment with low-molecular weight heparin&nbsp;<sup class=\"footnote\"><a id=\"fnref-544-2\" href=\"https:\/\/www.cenata.de\/en\/harmony-test-is-not-influenced-by-heparin-not-affected-by-guanine-cytosine-content\/#fn-544-2\">2<\/a><\/sup><sup>,<\/sup>&nbsp;<sup class=\"footnote\"><a id=\"fnref-544-3\" href=\"https:\/\/www.cenata.de\/en\/harmony-test-is-not-influenced-by-heparin-not-affected-by-guanine-cytosine-content\/#fn-544-3\">3<\/a><\/sup>. This is why an LMWH treatment in conjunction with the <a href=\"https:\/\/www.cenata.de\/en\/encyclopedia\/rmps\/\" target=\"_self\" title='rMPS = \"random massively parallel sequencing\": the parallel sequencing of randomly selected sequences of cell free maternal and fetal DNA. See also: MPSS.' class=\"encyclopedia\">rMPS<\/a> method can lead to increased test failures and to a higher number of false positive and false negative results&nbsp;<sup class=\"footnote\"><a id=\"fnref-544-4\" href=\"https:\/\/www.cenata.de\/en\/harmony-test-is-not-influenced-by-heparin-not-affected-by-guanine-cytosine-content\/#fn-544-4\">4<\/a><\/sup>.<\/p><p>The <a href=\"https:\/\/www.cenata.de\/en\/encyclopedia\/dansr\/\" target=\"_self\" title=\"&ldquo;Digital Analysis of Selected Regions: a computer-assisted analysis of specific pre-selected genetic regions. In the Harmony test, several hundred chromosome-specific genetic regions are tested for each chromosome of interest. These genetic regions have been previously defined in a complex procedure, allowing a stringent standardisation of the Harmony test. In previous methods (rMPS, random massively parallel&hellip;\" class=\"encyclopedia\">DANSR<\/a> method used in the Harmony<sup>&reg;<\/sup>&nbsp;Test thus has three advantages:<\/p><ol><li>the sequences that are examined and thus their <a href=\"https:\/\/www.cenata.de\/en\/encyclopedia\/gc-distribution\/\" target=\"_self\" title=\"In molecular biology and genetics, the GC content refers to the proportion of the DNA bases guanine (G) and cytosine (C) that occur as pairs, relative to adenine (A) and thymine (T). The distribution of the GC base pairs differs between chromosomes.\" class=\"encyclopedia\">GC distribution<\/a> are pre-defined and hence are not affected by the pregnant woman&rsquo;s heparin treatment,<\/li><li>the&nbsp;<a class=\"encyclopedia\" title=\"Relating to the unborn child\" href=\"https:\/\/www.cenata.de\/en\/encyclopedia\/fetal\/\" target=\"_self\">fetal<\/a>&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.cenata.de\/en\/encyclopedia\/dna\/\" target=\"_self\" title=\"Deoxyribonucleic acid: biomolecule and carrier of genetic information\" class=\"encyclopedia\">DNA<\/a> fraction is analysed independent of the GC content<sup class=\"footnote\"><a id=\"fnref-544-5\" href=\"https:\/\/www.cenata.de\/en\/harmony-test-is-not-influenced-by-heparin-not-affected-by-guanine-cytosine-content\/#fn-544-5\">5<\/a><\/sup>&nbsp;and<\/li><li>the greater sequencing depth in the <a href=\"https:\/\/www.cenata.de\/en\/encyclopedia\/chromosome\/\" target=\"_self\" title=\"A chromosome is an complex of tightly-coiled DNA and the proteins which hold the structure together. Normal human cells contain 23 pairs of chromosomes - 22 autosomes and the X and Y sex chromosomes.\" class=\"encyclopedia\">chromosome<\/a>s in question ensures greater security and a lower susceptibility to interference.<\/li><\/ol><p>&nbsp;<\/p><div id=\"footnotes-544\" class=\"footnotes\"><div class=\"footnotedivider\">&nbsp;<\/div><ol><li id=\"fn-544-1\">Sparks AB, Wang ET, Struble CA, Barrett W, Stokowski R, McBride C, Zahn J, Lee K, Shen N, Doshi J, Sun M, Garrison J, Sandler J, Hollemon D, Pattee P, Tomita-Mitchell A, Mitchell M, Stuelpnagel J, Song K, Oliphant A. Selective analysis of cell-free <a href=\"https:\/\/www.cenata.de\/en\/encyclopedia\/dna\/\" target=\"_self\" title=\"Deoxyribonucleic acid: biomolecule and carrier of genetic information\" class=\"encyclopedia\">DNA<\/a> in maternal blood for evaluation of <a href=\"https:\/\/www.cenata.de\/en\/encyclopedia\/fetal\/\" target=\"_self\" title=\"Relating to the unborn child\" class=\"encyclopedia\">fetal<\/a>&nbsp;<a class=\"encyclopedia\" title=\"Trisomy means that there are three copies (trisom) of a complete or partial chromosome, instead of the normal two (disom).\" href=\"https:\/\/www.cenata.de\/en\/encyclopedia\/trisomy\/\" target=\"_self\">trisomy<\/a>. Prenat Diagn. 2012 Jan;32(1):3-9. doi: 10.1002\/pd.2922.&nbsp;<span class=\"footnotereverse\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.cenata.de\/en\/harmony-test-is-not-influenced-by-heparin-not-affected-by-guanine-cytosine-content\/#fnref-544-1\">&#8617;<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"fn-544-2\">Chiu RW, Sun H, Akolekar R, Clouser C, Lee C, McKernan K, Zhou D, Nicolaides KH, Lo YM. Maternal plasma <a href=\"https:\/\/www.cenata.de\/en\/encyclopedia\/dna\/\" target=\"_self\" title=\"Deoxyribonucleic acid: biomolecule and carrier of genetic information\" class=\"encyclopedia\">DNA<\/a> analysis with massively parallel sequencing by ligation for noninvasive prenatal diagnosis of&nbsp;<a class=\"encyclopedia\" title=\"Trisomy 21 is the most common numerical chromosomal disorder in newborns. There are three copies of chromosome 21 and this leads to the development of Down syndrome.\" href=\"https:\/\/www.cenata.de\/en\/encyclopedia\/trisomy-21\/\" target=\"_self\">trisomy 21<\/a>. Clin Chem. 2010 Mar;56(3):459-63. doi: 10.1373\/clinchem.2009.136507.&nbsp;<span class=\"footnotereverse\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.cenata.de\/en\/harmony-test-is-not-influenced-by-heparin-not-affected-by-guanine-cytosine-content\/#fnref-544-2\">&#8617;<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"fn-544-3\">Fan HC, Quake SR. Sensitivity of noninvasive prenatal detection of <a href=\"https:\/\/www.cenata.de\/en\/encyclopedia\/fetal\/\" target=\"_self\" title=\"Relating to the unborn child\" class=\"encyclopedia\">fetal<\/a>&nbsp;<a class=\"encyclopedia\" title=\"An abnormal number of chromosomes in a cell; for example, there may be a copy of a chromosome missing, or extra, in a cell.\" href=\"https:\/\/www.cenata.de\/en\/encyclopedia\/aneuploidy\/\" target=\"_self\">aneuploidy<\/a>&nbsp;from maternal plasma using shotgun sequencing is limited only by counting statistics. PLoS One. 2010 May 3;5(5):e10439. doi:10.1371\/journal.pone.0010439.&nbsp;<span class=\"footnotereverse\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.cenata.de\/en\/harmony-test-is-not-influenced-by-heparin-not-affected-by-guanine-cytosine-content\/#fnref-544-3\">&#8617;<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"fn-544-4\">Lutz M, Lifecodexx Newsletter March 2015&nbsp;<span class=\"footnotereverse\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.cenata.de\/en\/harmony-test-is-not-influenced-by-heparin-not-affected-by-guanine-cytosine-content\/#fnref-544-4\">&#8617;<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"fn-544-5\">Sparks AB, Struble CA, Wang ET, Song K, Oliphant A. Noninvasive prenatal detection and selective analysis of cell-free <a href=\"https:\/\/www.cenata.de\/en\/encyclopedia\/dna\/\" target=\"_self\" title=\"Deoxyribonucleic acid: biomolecule and carrier of genetic information\" class=\"encyclopedia\">DNA<\/a> obtained from maternal blood: evaluation for <a href=\"https:\/\/www.cenata.de\/en\/encyclopedia\/trisomy-21\/\" target=\"_self\" title=\"Trisomy 21 is the most common numerical chromosomal disorder in newborns. There are three copies of chromosome 21 and this leads to the development of Down syndrome.\" class=\"encyclopedia\">trisomy 21<\/a> and&nbsp;<a class=\"encyclopedia\" title=\"Trisomy 18 occurs when there are three copies of chromosome 18. Trisomy 18 is also called Edwards syndrome.\" href=\"https:\/\/www.cenata.de\/en\/encyclopedia\/trisomy-18\/\" target=\"_self\">trisomy 18<\/a>. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 2012 Apr;206(4):319.e1-9. doi: 10.1016\/j.ajog.2012.01.030.&nbsp;<span class=\"footnotereverse\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.cenata.de\/en\/harmony-test-is-not-influenced-by-heparin-not-affected-by-guanine-cytosine-content\/#fnref-544-5\">&#8617;<\/a><\/span><\/li><\/ol><\/div><\/div><footer class=\"entry-footer\"><\/footer><\/div><footer class=\"entry-footer\"><\/footer><\/div><footer class=\"entry-footer\"><\/footer><\/div><footer class=\"entry-footer\"><\/footer><\/div><footer class=\"entry-footer\"><\/footer><\/div><footer class=\"entry-footer\"><\/footer><\/div><footer class=\"entry-footer\"><\/footer><\/div><footer class=\"entry-footer\"><\/footer><\/div><footer class=\"entry-footer\"><\/footer><\/div><footer class=\"entry-footer\"><\/footer><\/div><footer class=\"entry-footer\"><\/footer><\/div><footer class=\"entry-footer\"><\/footer><\/div><footer class=\"entry-footer\"><\/footer><\/div><footer class=\"entry-footer\"><\/footer><\/header><\/header><footer><\/footer><\/header><footer><\/footer><\/header><\/header><\/header>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-3592f9e elementor-section-stretched elementor-hidden-desktop elementor-hidden-tablet elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"3592f9e\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\" data-settings='{\"stretch_section\":\"section-stretched\"}'>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-c091c54\" data-id=\"c091c54\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-a1bf8ea elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"a1bf8ea\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Harmony Test is not influenced by guanine-cytosine content of a sample<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-e2d6650 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"e2d6650\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<header class=\"entry-content-header\"><header class=\"entry-content-header\"><header class=\"entry-content-header\"><header class=\"entry-content-header\"><header class=\"entry-content-header\"><header class=\"entry-content-header\"><header class=\"entry-content-header\"><header class=\"entry-content-header\"><header class=\"entry-content-header\"><header class=\"entry-content-header\"><header class=\"entry-content-header\"><header class=\"entry-content-header\"><header class=\"entry-content-header\"><header class=\"entry-content-header\"><header class=\"entry-content-header\"><header class=\"entry-content-header\"><header class=\"entry-content-header\"><header class=\"entry-content-header\"><header class=\"entry-content-header\"><header class=\"entry-content-header\"><header class=\"entry-content-header\"><header class=\"entry-content-header\"><header class=\"entry-content-header\"><header class=\"entry-content-header\"><header class=\"entry-content-header\"><header class=\"entry-content-header\"><header class=\"entry-content-header\"><header class=\"entry-content-header\"><header class=\"entry-content-header\"><header class=\"entry-content-header\"><header class=\"entry-content-header\"><header class=\"entry-content-header\"><header class=\"entry-content-header\"><header class=\"entry-content-header\"><header class=\"entry-content-header\"><header class=\"entry-content-header\"><header class=\"entry-content-header\"><header class=\"entry-content-header\"><header class=\"entry-content-header\"><header class=\"entry-content-header\"><header class=\"entry-content-header\"><header class=\"entry-content-header\"><header class=\"entry-content-header\">24. March 2015<\/header><footer class=\"entry-footer\"><\/footer><\/header><footer class=\"entry-footer\"><\/footer><\/header><\/header><\/header><\/header><footer class=\"entry-footer\"><\/footer><\/header><footer class=\"entry-footer\"><\/footer><\/header><\/header><\/header><\/header><footer class=\"entry-footer\"><\/footer><\/header><footer class=\"entry-footer\"><\/footer><\/header><\/header><\/header><\/header><footer class=\"entry-footer\"><\/footer><\/header><footer class=\"entry-footer\"><\/footer><\/header><\/header><\/header><\/header><footer class=\"entry-footer\"><\/footer><\/header><footer class=\"entry-footer\"><\/footer><\/header><\/header><\/header><\/header><footer class=\"entry-footer\"><\/footer><\/header><footer class=\"entry-footer\"><\/footer><\/header><\/header><\/header><\/header><footer class=\"entry-footer\"><\/footer><\/header><footer class=\"entry-footer\"><\/footer><\/header><\/header><\/header><\/header><footer class=\"entry-footer\"><\/footer><\/header><footer class=\"entry-footer\"><\/footer><\/header><\/header><\/header><\/header><\/header><\/header>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2eb558d elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"2eb558d\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<header class=\"entry-content-header\"><header class=\"entry-content-header\"><header class=\"entry-content-header\"><header class=\"entry-content-header\"><header class=\"entry-content-header\"><header class=\"entry-content-header\"><header class=\"entry-content-header\"><header class=\"entry-content-header\"><header class=\"entry-content-header\"><header class=\"entry-content-header\"><header><header><header><header><header><header><div class=\"entry-content\"><header><header><header><header><header><header><div class=\"entry-content\"><div class=\"entry-content\"><header><header><header><header><header><header><div class=\"entry-content\"><div class=\"entry-content\"><header><header><header><header><header><header><div class=\"entry-content\"><div class=\"entry-content\"><div class=\"entry-content\"><header><header><header><header><header><header><div class=\"entry-content\"><div class=\"entry-content\"><div class=\"entry-content\"><div class=\"entry-content\"><header><header><header><header><header><header><div class=\"entry-content\"><div class=\"entry-content\"><div class=\"entry-content\"><div class=\"entry-content\"><header><header><header><header><header><header><div class=\"entry-content\"><div class=\"entry-content\"><div class=\"entry-content\"><div class=\"entry-content\"><div class=\"entry-content\"><div class=\"entry-content\"><div class=\"entry-content\"><div class=\"entry-content\"><header><header><header><header><header><header><div class=\"entry-content\"><div class=\"entry-content\"><div class=\"entry-content\"><div class=\"entry-content\"><div class=\"entry-content\"><div class=\"entry-content\"><div class=\"entry-content\"><div class=\"entry-content\"><div class=\"entry-content\"><div class=\"entry-content\"><header><header><header><header><header><header><div class=\"entry-content\"><div class=\"entry-content\"><div class=\"entry-content\"><div class=\"entry-content\"><div class=\"entry-content\"><div class=\"entry-content\"><div class=\"entry-content\"><div class=\"entry-content\"><div class=\"entry-content\"><div class=\"entry-content\"><div class=\"entry-content\"><div class=\"entry-content\"><div class=\"entry-content\"><div class=\"entry-content\"><p>The Harmony<sup>&reg;<\/sup>&nbsp;Test specifically analyses pre-defined and carefully selected sequences of the <a href=\"https:\/\/www.cenata.de\/en\/encyclopedia\/chromosome\/\" target=\"_self\" title=\"A chromosome is an complex of tightly-coiled DNA and the proteins which hold the structure together. Normal human cells contain 23 pairs of chromosomes - 22 autosomes and the X and Y sex chromosomes.\" class=\"encyclopedia\">chromosome<\/a>s in question by means of the&nbsp;<a class=\"encyclopedia\" title=\"&ldquo;Digital Analysis of Selected Regions: a computer-assisted analysis of specific pre-selected genetic regions. In the Harmony test, several hundred chromosome-specific genetic regions are tested for each chromosome of interest. These genetic regions have been previously defined in a complex procedure, allowing a stringent standardisation of the Harmony test. In previous methods (rMPS, random massively parallel&hellip;\" href=\"https:\/\/www.cenata.de\/en\/encyclopedia\/dansr\/\" target=\"_self\">DANSR<\/a>&nbsp;(Digital Analysis of Selected Regions) technology<sup class=\"footnote\"><a id=\"fnref-544-1\" href=\"https:\/\/www.cenata.de\/en\/harmony-test-is-not-influenced-by-heparin-not-affected-by-guanine-cytosine-content\/#fn-544-1\">1<\/a><\/sup>. Other&nbsp;<a class=\"encyclopedia\" title=\"Non-invasive prenatal tests are molecular genetic analyses in prenatal diagnostics to detect fetal chromosomal anomalies from the maternal blood, avoiding the risk of miscarriage inherent in more invasive methods.\" href=\"https:\/\/www.cenata.de\/en\/encyclopedia\/nipt\/\" target=\"_self\">NIPT<\/a>&nbsp;methods based on the&nbsp;<a class=\"encyclopedia\" title='rMPS = \"random massively parallel sequencing\": the parallel sequencing of randomly selected sequences of cell free maternal and fetal DNA. See also: MPSS.' href=\"https:\/\/www.cenata.de\/en\/encyclopedia\/rmps\/\" target=\"_self\">rMPS<\/a>&nbsp;(random massively parallel sequencing) method (e.g. PraenaTest<sup>&reg;<\/sup>, Praenatalis-Test<sup>&reg;<\/sup>), sequence randomly selected sequences of free&nbsp;<a class=\"encyclopedia\" title=\"Deoxyribonucleic acid: biomolecule and carrier of genetic information\" href=\"https:\/\/www.cenata.de\/en\/encyclopedia\/dna\/\" target=\"_self\">DNA<\/a>.<\/p><p>The random sequencing employed in <a href=\"https:\/\/www.cenata.de\/en\/encyclopedia\/rmps\/\" target=\"_self\" title='rMPS = \"random massively parallel sequencing\": the parallel sequencing of randomly selected sequences of cell free maternal and fetal DNA. See also: MPSS.' class=\"encyclopedia\">rMPS<\/a> methods is susceptible to a shift of the so-called&nbsp;<a class=\"encyclopedia\" title=\"In molecular biology and genetics, the GC content refers to the proportion of the DNA bases guanine (G) and cytosine (C) that occur as pairs, relative to adenine (A) and thymine (T). The distribution of the GC base pairs differs between chromosomes.\" href=\"https:\/\/www.cenata.de\/en\/encyclopedia\/gc-distribution\/\" target=\"_self\">GC distribution<\/a>. This is caused, amongst other things, by treatment with low-molecular weight heparin&nbsp;<sup class=\"footnote\"><a id=\"fnref-544-2\" href=\"https:\/\/www.cenata.de\/en\/harmony-test-is-not-influenced-by-heparin-not-affected-by-guanine-cytosine-content\/#fn-544-2\">2<\/a><\/sup><sup>,<\/sup>&nbsp;<sup class=\"footnote\"><a id=\"fnref-544-3\" href=\"https:\/\/www.cenata.de\/en\/harmony-test-is-not-influenced-by-heparin-not-affected-by-guanine-cytosine-content\/#fn-544-3\">3<\/a><\/sup>. This is why an LMWH treatment in conjunction with the <a href=\"https:\/\/www.cenata.de\/en\/encyclopedia\/rmps\/\" target=\"_self\" title='rMPS = \"random massively parallel sequencing\": the parallel sequencing of randomly selected sequences of cell free maternal and fetal DNA. See also: MPSS.' class=\"encyclopedia\">rMPS<\/a> method can lead to increased test failures and to a higher number of false positive and false negative results&nbsp;<sup class=\"footnote\"><a id=\"fnref-544-4\" href=\"https:\/\/www.cenata.de\/en\/harmony-test-is-not-influenced-by-heparin-not-affected-by-guanine-cytosine-content\/#fn-544-4\">4<\/a><\/sup>.<\/p><p>The <a href=\"https:\/\/www.cenata.de\/en\/encyclopedia\/dansr\/\" target=\"_self\" title=\"&ldquo;Digital Analysis of Selected Regions: a computer-assisted analysis of specific pre-selected genetic regions. In the Harmony test, several hundred chromosome-specific genetic regions are tested for each chromosome of interest. These genetic regions have been previously defined in a complex procedure, allowing a stringent standardisation of the Harmony test. In previous methods (rMPS, random massively parallel&hellip;\" class=\"encyclopedia\">DANSR<\/a> method used in the Harmony<sup>&reg;<\/sup>&nbsp;Test thus has three advantages:<\/p><ol><li>the sequences that are examined and thus their <a href=\"https:\/\/www.cenata.de\/en\/encyclopedia\/gc-distribution\/\" target=\"_self\" title=\"In molecular biology and genetics, the GC content refers to the proportion of the DNA bases guanine (G) and cytosine (C) that occur as pairs, relative to adenine (A) and thymine (T). The distribution of the GC base pairs differs between chromosomes.\" class=\"encyclopedia\">GC distribution<\/a> are pre-defined and hence are not affected by the pregnant woman&rsquo;s heparin treatment,<\/li><li>the&nbsp;<a class=\"encyclopedia\" title=\"Relating to the unborn child\" href=\"https:\/\/www.cenata.de\/en\/encyclopedia\/fetal\/\" target=\"_self\">fetal<\/a>&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.cenata.de\/en\/encyclopedia\/dna\/\" target=\"_self\" title=\"Deoxyribonucleic acid: biomolecule and carrier of genetic information\" class=\"encyclopedia\">DNA<\/a> fraction is analysed independent of the GC content<sup class=\"footnote\"><a id=\"fnref-544-5\" href=\"https:\/\/www.cenata.de\/en\/harmony-test-is-not-influenced-by-heparin-not-affected-by-guanine-cytosine-content\/#fn-544-5\">5<\/a><\/sup>&nbsp;and<\/li><li>the greater sequencing depth in the <a href=\"https:\/\/www.cenata.de\/en\/encyclopedia\/chromosome\/\" target=\"_self\" title=\"A chromosome is an complex of tightly-coiled DNA and the proteins which hold the structure together. Normal human cells contain 23 pairs of chromosomes - 22 autosomes and the X and Y sex chromosomes.\" class=\"encyclopedia\">chromosome<\/a>s in question ensures greater security and a lower susceptibility to interference.<\/li><\/ol><p>&nbsp;<\/p><div id=\"footnotes-544\" class=\"footnotes\"><div class=\"footnotedivider\">&nbsp;<\/div><ol><li id=\"fn-544-1\">Sparks AB, Wang ET, Struble CA, Barrett W, Stokowski R, McBride C, Zahn J, Lee K, Shen N, Doshi J, Sun M, Garrison J, Sandler J, Hollemon D, Pattee P, Tomita-Mitchell A, Mitchell M, Stuelpnagel J, Song K, Oliphant A. Selective analysis of cell-free <a href=\"https:\/\/www.cenata.de\/en\/encyclopedia\/dna\/\" target=\"_self\" title=\"Deoxyribonucleic acid: biomolecule and carrier of genetic information\" class=\"encyclopedia\">DNA<\/a> in maternal blood for evaluation of <a href=\"https:\/\/www.cenata.de\/en\/encyclopedia\/fetal\/\" target=\"_self\" title=\"Relating to the unborn child\" class=\"encyclopedia\">fetal<\/a>&nbsp;<a class=\"encyclopedia\" title=\"Trisomy means that there are three copies (trisom) of a complete or partial chromosome, instead of the normal two (disom).\" href=\"https:\/\/www.cenata.de\/en\/encyclopedia\/trisomy\/\" target=\"_self\">trisomy<\/a>. Prenat Diagn. 2012 Jan;32(1):3-9. doi: 10.1002\/pd.2922.&nbsp;<span class=\"footnotereverse\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.cenata.de\/en\/harmony-test-is-not-influenced-by-heparin-not-affected-by-guanine-cytosine-content\/#fnref-544-1\">&#8617;<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"fn-544-2\">Chiu RW, Sun H, Akolekar R, Clouser C, Lee C, McKernan K, Zhou D, Nicolaides KH, Lo YM. Maternal plasma <a href=\"https:\/\/www.cenata.de\/en\/encyclopedia\/dna\/\" target=\"_self\" title=\"Deoxyribonucleic acid: biomolecule and carrier of genetic information\" class=\"encyclopedia\">DNA<\/a> analysis with massively parallel sequencing by ligation for noninvasive prenatal diagnosis of&nbsp;<a class=\"encyclopedia\" title=\"Trisomy 21 is the most common numerical chromosomal disorder in newborns. There are three copies of chromosome 21 and this leads to the development of Down syndrome.\" href=\"https:\/\/www.cenata.de\/en\/encyclopedia\/trisomy-21\/\" target=\"_self\">trisomy 21<\/a>. Clin Chem. 2010 Mar;56(3):459-63. doi: 10.1373\/clinchem.2009.136507.&nbsp;<span class=\"footnotereverse\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.cenata.de\/en\/harmony-test-is-not-influenced-by-heparin-not-affected-by-guanine-cytosine-content\/#fnref-544-2\">&#8617;<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"fn-544-3\">Fan HC, Quake SR. Sensitivity of noninvasive prenatal detection of <a href=\"https:\/\/www.cenata.de\/en\/encyclopedia\/fetal\/\" target=\"_self\" title=\"Relating to the unborn child\" class=\"encyclopedia\">fetal<\/a>&nbsp;<a class=\"encyclopedia\" title=\"An abnormal number of chromosomes in a cell; for example, there may be a copy of a chromosome missing, or extra, in a cell.\" href=\"https:\/\/www.cenata.de\/en\/encyclopedia\/aneuploidy\/\" target=\"_self\">aneuploidy<\/a>&nbsp;from maternal plasma using shotgun sequencing is limited only by counting statistics. PLoS One. 2010 May 3;5(5):e10439. doi:10.1371\/journal.pone.0010439.&nbsp;<span class=\"footnotereverse\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.cenata.de\/en\/harmony-test-is-not-influenced-by-heparin-not-affected-by-guanine-cytosine-content\/#fnref-544-3\">&#8617;<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"fn-544-4\">Lutz M, Lifecodexx Newsletter March 2015&nbsp;<span class=\"footnotereverse\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.cenata.de\/en\/harmony-test-is-not-influenced-by-heparin-not-affected-by-guanine-cytosine-content\/#fnref-544-4\">&#8617;<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"fn-544-5\">Sparks AB, Struble CA, Wang ET, Song K, Oliphant A. Noninvasive prenatal detection and selective analysis of cell-free <a href=\"https:\/\/www.cenata.de\/en\/encyclopedia\/dna\/\" target=\"_self\" title=\"Deoxyribonucleic acid: biomolecule and carrier of genetic information\" class=\"encyclopedia\">DNA<\/a> obtained from maternal blood: evaluation for <a href=\"https:\/\/www.cenata.de\/en\/encyclopedia\/trisomy-21\/\" target=\"_self\" title=\"Trisomy 21 is the most common numerical chromosomal disorder in newborns. There are three copies of chromosome 21 and this leads to the development of Down syndrome.\" class=\"encyclopedia\">trisomy 21<\/a> and&nbsp;<a class=\"encyclopedia\" title=\"Trisomy 18 occurs when there are three copies of chromosome 18. Trisomy 18 is also called Edwards syndrome.\" href=\"https:\/\/www.cenata.de\/en\/encyclopedia\/trisomy-18\/\" target=\"_self\">trisomy 18<\/a>. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 2012 Apr;206(4):319.e1-9. doi: 10.1016\/j.ajog.2012.01.030.&nbsp;<span class=\"footnotereverse\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.cenata.de\/en\/harmony-test-is-not-influenced-by-heparin-not-affected-by-guanine-cytosine-content\/#fnref-544-5\">&#8617;<\/a><\/span><\/li><\/ol><\/div><\/div><footer class=\"entry-footer\"><\/footer><\/div><footer class=\"entry-footer\"><\/footer><\/div><footer class=\"entry-footer\"><\/footer><\/div><footer class=\"entry-footer\"><\/footer><\/div><footer class=\"entry-footer\"><\/footer><\/div><footer class=\"entry-footer\"><\/footer><\/div><footer class=\"entry-footer\"><\/footer><\/div><footer class=\"entry-footer\"><\/footer><\/div><footer class=\"entry-footer\"><\/footer><\/div><footer class=\"entry-footer\"><\/footer><\/div><footer class=\"entry-footer\"><\/footer><\/div><footer class=\"entry-footer\"><\/footer><\/div><footer class=\"entry-footer\"><\/footer><\/div><footer class=\"entry-footer\"><\/footer><\/header><\/header><footer><\/footer><\/header><footer><\/footer><\/header><\/header><\/header><\/div><footer class=\"entry-footer\"><\/footer><\/div><footer class=\"entry-footer\"><\/footer><\/div><footer class=\"entry-footer\"><\/footer><\/div><footer class=\"entry-footer\"><\/footer><\/div><footer class=\"entry-footer\"><\/footer><\/div><footer class=\"entry-footer\"><\/footer><\/div><footer class=\"entry-footer\"><\/footer><\/div><footer class=\"entry-footer\"><\/footer><\/div><footer class=\"entry-footer\"><\/footer><\/div><footer class=\"entry-footer\"><\/footer><\/header><\/header><footer><\/footer><\/header><footer><\/footer><\/header><\/header><\/header><\/div><footer class=\"entry-footer\"><\/footer><\/div><footer class=\"entry-footer\"><\/footer><\/div><footer class=\"entry-footer\"><\/footer><\/div><footer class=\"entry-footer\"><\/footer><\/div><footer class=\"entry-footer\"><\/footer><\/div><footer class=\"entry-footer\"><\/footer><\/div><footer class=\"entry-footer\"><\/footer><\/div><footer class=\"entry-footer\"><\/footer><\/header><\/header><footer><\/footer><\/header><footer><\/footer><\/header><\/header><\/header><\/div><footer class=\"entry-footer\"><\/footer><\/div><footer class=\"entry-footer\"><\/footer><\/div><footer class=\"entry-footer\"><\/footer><\/div><footer class=\"entry-footer\"><\/footer><\/header><\/header><footer><\/footer><\/header><footer><\/footer><\/header><\/header><\/header><\/div><footer class=\"entry-footer\"><\/footer><\/div><footer class=\"entry-footer\"><\/footer><\/div><footer class=\"entry-footer\"><\/footer><\/div><footer class=\"entry-footer\"><\/footer><\/header><\/header><footer><\/footer><\/header><footer><\/footer><\/header><\/header><\/header><\/div><footer class=\"entry-footer\"><\/footer><\/div><footer class=\"entry-footer\"><\/footer><\/div><footer class=\"entry-footer\"><\/footer><\/header><\/header><footer><\/footer><\/header><footer><\/footer><\/header><\/header><\/header><\/div><footer class=\"entry-footer\"><\/footer><\/div><footer class=\"entry-footer\"><\/footer><\/header><\/header><footer><\/footer><\/header><footer><\/footer><\/header><\/header><\/header><\/div><footer class=\"entry-footer\"><\/footer><\/div><footer class=\"entry-footer\"><\/footer><\/header><\/header><footer><\/footer><\/header><footer><\/footer><\/header><\/header><\/header><\/div><footer class=\"entry-footer\"><\/footer><\/header><\/header><footer><\/footer><\/header><footer><\/footer><\/header><\/header><\/header><\/header><footer class=\"entry-footer\"><\/footer><\/header><footer class=\"entry-footer\"><\/footer><\/header><\/header><\/header><\/header><\/header><\/header><\/header><\/header>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Harmony Test is not influenced by guanine-cytosine content of a sample 24. March 2015 The Harmony\u00ae\u00a0Test specifically analyses pre-defined and carefully selected sequences of the chromosomes in question by means of the\u00a0DANSR\u00a0(Digital Analysis of Selected Regions) technology1. Other\u00a0NIPT\u00a0methods based on the\u00a0rMPS\u00a0(random massively parallel sequencing) method (e.g. PraenaTest\u00ae, Praenatalis-Test\u00ae), sequence randomly selected sequences of free\u00a0DNA. The [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"","ast-site-content-layout":"default","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","ast-disable-related-posts":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"default","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"ast-content-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-544","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-unkategorisiert"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.cenata.de\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/544","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.cenata.de\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.cenata.de\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.cenata.de\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.cenata.de\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=544"}],"version-history":[{"count":7,"href":"https:\/\/www.cenata.de\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/544\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":25050,"href":"https:\/\/www.cenata.de\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/544\/revisions\/25050"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.cenata.de\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=544"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.cenata.de\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=544"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.cenata.de\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=544"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}