{"id":652,"date":"2016-11-12T08:46:48","date_gmt":"2016-11-12T07:46:48","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/cegat.net\/web\/en\/for-expectant-parents\/informationen-zu-numerischen-chromosomenstoerungen\/"},"modified":"2022-05-04T13:21:46","modified_gmt":"2022-05-04T12:21:46","slug":"information-on-numerical-chromosomal-disorders","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/www.cenata.de\/en\/for-expectant-parents\/information-on-numerical-chromosomal-disorders\/","title":{"rendered":"Information on numerical chromosomal disorders"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-page\" data-elementor-id=\"652\" class=\"elementor elementor-652\" data-elementor-post-type=\"page\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-6aa3539 elementor-hidden-mobile elementor-hidden-tablet elementor-section-content-middle elementor-section-stretched elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"6aa3539\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\" data-settings='{\"background_background\":\"classic\",\"stretch_section\":\"section-stretched\"}'>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-background-overlay\"><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-0fe1fe7\" data-id=\"0fe1fe7\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\" data-settings='{\"background_background\":\"classic\"}'>\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-background-overlay\"><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-9306d7e elementor--h-position-right elementor--v-position-middle elementor-widget elementor-widget-slides\" data-id=\"9306d7e\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-settings='{\"autoplay_speed\":8000,\"transition\":\"fade\",\"navigation\":\"none\",\"autoplay\":\"yes\",\"pause_on_hover\":\"yes\",\"pause_on_interaction\":\"yes\",\"infinite\":\"yes\",\"transition_speed\":500}' data-widget_type=\"slides.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-swiper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-slides-wrapper elementor-main-swiper swiper\" role=\"region\" aria-roledescription=\"carousel\" aria-label=\"Slides\" dir=\"ltr\" data-animation=\"fadeInRight\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"swiper-wrapper elementor-slides\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-repeater-item-3ab48d5 swiper-slide\" role=\"group\" aria-roledescription=\"slide\"><div class=\"swiper-slide-bg\"><\/div><div class=\"swiper-slide-inner\"><div class=\"swiper-slide-contents\"><div class=\"elementor-slide-heading\">Reliable test.<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"elementor-repeater-item-1edd39b swiper-slide\" role=\"group\" aria-roledescription=\"slide\"><div class=\"swiper-slide-bg\"><\/div><div class=\"swiper-slide-inner\"><div class=\"swiper-slide-contents\"><div class=\"elementor-slide-heading\">Secure decision.<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-1b86f81 elementor-hidden-mobile elementor-hidden-tablet elementor-section-content-middle elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"1b86f81\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\" data-settings='{\"background_background\":\"gradient\"}'>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-background-overlay\"><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-9e27d60\" data-id=\"9e27d60\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\" data-settings='{\"background_background\":\"classic\"}'>\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-background-overlay\"><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-222bd68 elementor-hidden-mobile elementor-section-content-middle elementor-section-stretched elementor-hidden-desktop elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"222bd68\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\" data-settings='{\"background_background\":\"classic\",\"stretch_section\":\"section-stretched\"}'>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-background-overlay\"><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-2ac0cfe\" data-id=\"2ac0cfe\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\" data-settings='{\"background_background\":\"classic\"}'>\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-background-overlay\"><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-4a15868 elementor--h-position-right elementor--v-position-middle elementor-widget elementor-widget-slides\" data-id=\"4a15868\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-settings='{\"autoplay_speed\":8000,\"transition\":\"fade\",\"navigation\":\"none\",\"autoplay\":\"yes\",\"pause_on_hover\":\"yes\",\"pause_on_interaction\":\"yes\",\"infinite\":\"yes\",\"transition_speed\":500}' data-widget_type=\"slides.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-swiper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-slides-wrapper elementor-main-swiper swiper\" role=\"region\" aria-roledescription=\"carousel\" aria-label=\"Slides\" dir=\"ltr\" data-animation=\"fadeInRight\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"swiper-wrapper elementor-slides\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-repeater-item-3ab48d5 swiper-slide\" role=\"group\" aria-roledescription=\"slide\"><div class=\"swiper-slide-bg\"><\/div><div class=\"swiper-slide-inner\"><div class=\"swiper-slide-contents\"><div class=\"elementor-slide-heading\">Reliable test.<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"elementor-repeater-item-1edd39b swiper-slide\" role=\"group\" aria-roledescription=\"slide\"><div class=\"swiper-slide-bg\"><\/div><div class=\"swiper-slide-inner\"><div class=\"swiper-slide-contents\"><div class=\"elementor-slide-heading\">Secure decision.<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-a8c70ed elementor-hidden-mobile elementor-section-content-middle elementor-hidden-desktop elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"a8c70ed\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\" data-settings='{\"background_background\":\"gradient\"}'>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-background-overlay\"><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-0ab0605\" data-id=\"0ab0605\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\" data-settings='{\"background_background\":\"classic\"}'>\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-background-overlay\"><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-29d4171 elementor-hidden-tablet elementor-section-content-middle elementor-section-stretched elementor-hidden-desktop elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"29d4171\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\" data-settings='{\"background_background\":\"classic\",\"stretch_section\":\"section-stretched\"}'>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-background-overlay\"><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-10852d2\" data-id=\"10852d2\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\" data-settings='{\"background_background\":\"classic\"}'>\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-background-overlay\"><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-ca3239e elementor--h-position-right elementor--v-position-middle elementor-widget elementor-widget-slides\" data-id=\"ca3239e\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-settings='{\"autoplay_speed\":8000,\"transition\":\"fade\",\"navigation\":\"none\",\"autoplay\":\"yes\",\"pause_on_hover\":\"yes\",\"pause_on_interaction\":\"yes\",\"infinite\":\"yes\",\"transition_speed\":500}' data-widget_type=\"slides.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-swiper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-slides-wrapper elementor-main-swiper swiper\" role=\"region\" aria-roledescription=\"carousel\" aria-label=\"Slides\" dir=\"ltr\" data-animation=\"fadeInRight\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"swiper-wrapper elementor-slides\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-repeater-item-3ab48d5 swiper-slide\" role=\"group\" aria-roledescription=\"slide\"><div class=\"swiper-slide-bg\"><\/div><div class=\"swiper-slide-inner\"><div class=\"swiper-slide-contents\"><div class=\"elementor-slide-heading\">Reliable test.<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"elementor-repeater-item-1edd39b swiper-slide\" role=\"group\" aria-roledescription=\"slide\"><div class=\"swiper-slide-bg\"><\/div><div class=\"swiper-slide-inner\"><div class=\"swiper-slide-contents\"><div class=\"elementor-slide-heading\">Secure decision.<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-f672a1b elementor-hidden-tablet elementor-section-content-middle elementor-hidden-desktop elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"f672a1b\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\" data-settings='{\"background_background\":\"gradient\"}'>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-background-overlay\"><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-39aab25\" data-id=\"39aab25\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\" data-settings='{\"background_background\":\"classic\"}'>\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-background-overlay\"><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-01360fa elementor-section-stretched elementor-hidden-mobile elementor-hidden-tablet elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"01360fa\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\" data-settings='{\"stretch_section\":\"section-stretched\"}'>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-6650aa2 elementor-hidden-mobile\" data-id=\"6650aa2\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\" data-settings='{\"background_background\":\"classic\"}'>\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-c4ba3b4 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"c4ba3b4\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h4 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">FOR EXPECTANT PARENTS<\/h4>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-bab0743 elementor-nav-menu__align-end elementor-nav-menu--dropdown-tablet elementor-nav-menu__text-align-aside elementor-nav-menu--toggle elementor-nav-menu--burger elementor-widget elementor-widget-nav-menu\" data-id=\"bab0743\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-settings='{\"layout\":\"vertical\",\"submenu_icon\":{\"value\":\"&lt;i class=\\\"\\\" aria-hidden=\\\"true\\\"&gt;&lt;\\\/i&gt;\",\"library\":\"\"},\"toggle\":\"burger\"}' data-widget_type=\"nav-menu.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<nav aria-label=\"Menu\" class=\"elementor-nav-menu--main elementor-nav-menu__container elementor-nav-menu--layout-vertical e--pointer-background e--animation-fade\">\n\t\t\t\t<ul id=\"menu-1-bab0743\" class=\"elementor-nav-menu sm-vertical\"><li class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-22939\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.cenata.de\/en\/for-physicians\/harmony-test-procedure\/\" class=\"elementor-item menu-link\">Harmony&reg; Test procedure<\/a><\/li>\n<li class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-23371\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.cenata.de\/en\/for-expectant-parents\/understanding-the-results\/\" class=\"elementor-item menu-link\">Understanding the results<\/a><\/li>\n<li class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-23373\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.cenata.de\/en\/for-expectant-parents\/information-on-numerical-chromosomal-disorders\/\" class=\"elementor-item menu-link\">Information on numerical chromosomal disorders<\/a><\/li>\n<li class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-23372\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.cenata.de\/en\/for-expectant-parents\/information-on-x-and-y-chromosomal-disorders\/\" class=\"elementor-item menu-link\">Information on X and Y chromosomal disorders<\/a><\/li>\n<li class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-23375\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.cenata.de\/en\/for-expectant-parents\/reimbursement-of-costs\/\" class=\"elementor-item menu-link\">Reimbursement of costs<\/a><\/li>\n<li class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-22970\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.cenata.de\/en\/for-expectant-parents\/useful-links-for-parents\/\" class=\"elementor-item menu-link\">Useful links for parents<\/a><\/li>\n<li class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-22962\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.cenata.de\/en\/services\/download\/\" class=\"elementor-item menu-link\">Download<\/a><\/li>\n<li class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-22943\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.cenata.de\/en\/for-expectant-parents\/faq\/\" class=\"elementor-item menu-link\">Frequently Asked Questions<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\t\t\t<\/nav>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-menu-toggle\" role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-label=\"Menu Toggle\" aria-expanded=\"false\">\n\t\t\t<i aria-hidden=\"true\" role=\"presentation\" class=\"elementor-menu-toggle__icon--open eicon-menu-bar\"><\/i><i aria-hidden=\"true\" role=\"presentation\" class=\"elementor-menu-toggle__icon--close eicon-close\"><\/i>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<nav class=\"elementor-nav-menu--dropdown elementor-nav-menu__container\" aria-hidden=\"true\">\n\t\t\t\t<ul id=\"menu-2-bab0743\" class=\"elementor-nav-menu sm-vertical\"><li class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-22939\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.cenata.de\/en\/for-physicians\/harmony-test-procedure\/\" class=\"elementor-item menu-link\" tabindex=\"-1\">Harmony&reg; Test procedure<\/a><\/li>\n<li class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-23371\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.cenata.de\/en\/for-expectant-parents\/understanding-the-results\/\" class=\"elementor-item menu-link\" tabindex=\"-1\">Understanding the results<\/a><\/li>\n<li class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-23373\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.cenata.de\/en\/for-expectant-parents\/information-on-numerical-chromosomal-disorders\/\" class=\"elementor-item menu-link\" tabindex=\"-1\">Information on numerical chromosomal disorders<\/a><\/li>\n<li class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-23372\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.cenata.de\/en\/for-expectant-parents\/information-on-x-and-y-chromosomal-disorders\/\" class=\"elementor-item menu-link\" tabindex=\"-1\">Information on X and Y chromosomal disorders<\/a><\/li>\n<li class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-23375\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.cenata.de\/en\/for-expectant-parents\/reimbursement-of-costs\/\" class=\"elementor-item menu-link\" tabindex=\"-1\">Reimbursement of costs<\/a><\/li>\n<li class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-22970\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.cenata.de\/en\/for-expectant-parents\/useful-links-for-parents\/\" class=\"elementor-item menu-link\" tabindex=\"-1\">Useful links for parents<\/a><\/li>\n<li class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-22962\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.cenata.de\/en\/services\/download\/\" class=\"elementor-item menu-link\" tabindex=\"-1\">Download<\/a><\/li>\n<li class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-22943\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.cenata.de\/en\/for-expectant-parents\/faq\/\" class=\"elementor-item menu-link\" tabindex=\"-1\">Frequently Asked Questions<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\t\t\t<\/nav>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3950708 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"3950708\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h4 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">SEARCH<\/h4>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-40f86f8 elementor-search-form--skin-classic elementor-search-form--button-type-icon elementor-search-form--icon-search elementor-widget elementor-widget-search-form\" data-id=\"40f86f8\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-settings='{\"skin\":\"classic\"}' data-widget_type=\"search-form.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<search role=\"search\">\n\t\t\t<form class=\"elementor-search-form\" action=\"https:\/\/www.cenata.de\/en\/\" method=\"get\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-search-form__container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<label class=\"elementor-screen-only\" for=\"elementor-search-form-40f86f8\">Search<\/label>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t<input id=\"elementor-search-form-40f86f8\" placeholder=\"Suche...\" class=\"elementor-search-form__input\" type=\"search\" name=\"s\" value=\"\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<input type=\"hidden\" name=\"lang\" value=\"en\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<button class=\"elementor-search-form__submit\" type=\"submit\" aria-label=\"Search\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<i aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"fas fa-search\"><\/i>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/button>\n\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<\/form>\n\t\t<\/search>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-f8de370\" data-id=\"f8de370\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-a5c8963 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"a5c8963\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Information on numerical chromosomal disorders<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-bd8c3dc elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"bd8c3dc\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<header class=\"entry-content-header\"><header class=\"entry-content-header\"><p>The Harmony<sup>&reg;<\/sup>&nbsp;Test is a very reliable test for the prenatal detection of&nbsp;<a class=\"encyclopedia\" title=\"Trisomy 21 is the most common numerical chromosomal disorder in newborns. There are three copies of chromosome 21 and this leads to the development of Down syndrome.\" href=\"https:\/\/www.cenata.de\/en\/encyclopedia\/trisomy-21\/\" target=\"_self\">trisomy 21<\/a> (Down syndrome) and other numerical chromosomal disorders (trisomies 18 and 13). The test can also be used to determine the sex of the child, disorders of the sex <a href=\"https:\/\/www.cenata.de\/en\/encyclopedia\/chromosome\/\" target=\"_self\" title=\"A chromosome is an complex of tightly-coiled DNA and the proteins which hold the structure together. Normal human cells contain 23 pairs of chromosomes - 22 autosomes and the X and Y sex chromosomes.\" class=\"encyclopedia\">chromosome<\/a>s (X, Y).<\/p><p>A human has 23 pairs of <a href=\"https:\/\/www.cenata.de\/en\/encyclopedia\/chromosome\/\" target=\"_self\" title=\"A chromosome is an complex of tightly-coiled DNA and the proteins which hold the structure together. Normal human cells contain 23 pairs of chromosomes - 22 autosomes and the X and Y sex chromosomes.\" class=\"encyclopedia\">chromosome<\/a>s; these are&nbsp;<a class=\"encyclopedia\" title=\"Deoxyribonucleic acid: biomolecule and carrier of genetic information\" href=\"https:\/\/www.cenata.de\/en\/encyclopedia\/dna\/\" target=\"_self\">DNA<\/a>&nbsp;strands and proteins that contain the genetic information. A&nbsp;<a class=\"encyclopedia\" title=\"Trisomy means that there are three copies (trisom) of a complete or partial chromosome, instead of the normal two (disom).\" href=\"https:\/\/www.cenata.de\/en\/encyclopedia\/trisomy\/\" target=\"_self\">trisomy<\/a>&nbsp;is a chromosomal disorder where there are three copies of a certain&nbsp;<a class=\"encyclopedia\" title=\"A chromosome is an complex of tightly-coiled DNA and the proteins which hold the structure together. Normal human cells contain 23 pairs of chromosomes - 22 autosomes and the X and Y sex chromosomes.\" href=\"https:\/\/www.cenata.de\/en\/encyclopedia\/chromosome\/\" target=\"_self\">chromosome<\/a>&nbsp;instead of the normal two copies.<\/p><\/header><\/header>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-inner-section elementor-element elementor-element-a0afbd7 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"a0afbd7\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-8151d33\" data-id=\"8151d33\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-499826d elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"499826d\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h4 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Trisomy 21<\/h4>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-01e0b79 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"01e0b79\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<header class=\"entry-content-header\"><header class=\"entry-content-header\"><p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.cenata.de\/en\/encyclopedia\/trisomy-21\/\" target=\"_self\" title=\"Trisomy 21 is the most common numerical chromosomal disorder in newborns. There are three copies of chromosome 21 and this leads to the development of Down syndrome.\" class=\"encyclopedia\">Trisomy 21<\/a> is caused by an additional copy of <a href=\"https:\/\/www.cenata.de\/en\/encyclopedia\/chromosome\/\" target=\"_self\" title=\"A chromosome is an complex of tightly-coiled DNA and the proteins which hold the structure together. Normal human cells contain 23 pairs of chromosomes - 22 autosomes and the X and Y sex chromosomes.\" class=\"encyclopedia\">chromosome<\/a> 21 and is the most common form of chromosomal disorder in humans. <a href=\"https:\/\/www.cenata.de\/en\/encyclopedia\/trisomy-21\/\" target=\"_self\" title=\"Trisomy 21 is the most common numerical chromosomal disorder in newborns. There are three copies of chromosome 21 and this leads to the development of Down syndrome.\" class=\"encyclopedia\">Trisomy 21<\/a> leads to Down syndrome, which is associated with a generally moderate intellectual disability and other disorders such as congenital heart disease. <a href=\"https:\/\/www.cenata.de\/en\/encyclopedia\/trisomy-21\/\" target=\"_self\" title=\"Trisomy 21 is the most common numerical chromosomal disorder in newborns. There are three copies of chromosome 21 and this leads to the development of Down syndrome.\" class=\"encyclopedia\">Trisomy 21<\/a> occurs in approximately 1 out of every 500 pregnancies. Approximately one-third of all children with <a href=\"https:\/\/www.cenata.de\/en\/encyclopedia\/trisomy-21\/\" target=\"_self\" title=\"Trisomy 21 is the most common numerical chromosomal disorder in newborns. There are three copies of chromosome 21 and this leads to the development of Down syndrome.\" class=\"encyclopedia\">trisomy 21<\/a> die in the mother&rsquo;s womb, thus it is estimated that only 1 out of every 830 newborns is affected by <a href=\"https:\/\/www.cenata.de\/en\/encyclopedia\/trisomy-21\/\" target=\"_self\" title=\"Trisomy 21 is the most common numerical chromosomal disorder in newborns. There are three copies of chromosome 21 and this leads to the development of Down syndrome.\" class=\"encyclopedia\">trisomy 21<\/a><sup class=\"footnote\"><a id=\"fnref-652-1\" href=\"https:\/\/www.cenata.de\/en\/for-expectant-parents\/information-on-numerical-chromosomal-disorders\/#fn-652-1\">1<\/a><\/sup>. The likelihood the occurrence of <a href=\"https:\/\/www.cenata.de\/en\/encyclopedia\/trisomy-21\/\" target=\"_self\" title=\"Trisomy 21 is the most common numerical chromosomal disorder in newborns. There are three copies of chromosome 21 and this leads to the development of Down syndrome.\" class=\"encyclopedia\">trisomy 21<\/a> depends largely on the age of the mother; for example, the risk of <a href=\"https:\/\/www.cenata.de\/en\/encyclopedia\/trisomy-21\/\" target=\"_self\" title=\"Trisomy 21 is the most common numerical chromosomal disorder in newborns. There are three copies of chromosome 21 and this leads to the development of Down syndrome.\" class=\"encyclopedia\">trisomy 21<\/a> for a 20-year-old pregnant woman is approximately 1 in 1050, whereas the risk for a 40-year-old woman is approximately 1 in 100 (figures at the end of the first&nbsp;<a class=\"encyclopedia\" title=\"Trimester is the medical term used to describe the division of a pregnancy into three phases of three months each.\" href=\"https:\/\/www.cenata.de\/en\/encyclopedia\/trimester\/\" target=\"_self\">trimester<\/a>&nbsp;of the pregnancy).<\/p><\/header><\/header>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-7cae826 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"7cae826\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h4 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Trisomy 18<\/h4>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-0ddadae elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"0ddadae\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<header class=\"entry-content-header\"><header class=\"entry-content-header\"><div id=\"footnotes-315\" class=\"footnotes\"><p><a class=\"encyclopedia\" title=\"Trisomy 18 occurs when there are three copies of chromosome 18. Trisomy 18 is also called Edwards syndrome.\" href=\"https:\/\/www.cenata.de\/en\/encyclopedia\/trisomy-18\/\" target=\"_self\">Trisomy 18<\/a>&nbsp;is due to an extra copy of <a href=\"https:\/\/www.cenata.de\/en\/encyclopedia\/chromosome\/\" target=\"_self\" title=\"A chromosome is an complex of tightly-coiled DNA and the proteins which hold the structure together. Normal human cells contain 23 pairs of chromosomes - 22 autosomes and the X and Y sex chromosomes.\" class=\"encyclopedia\">chromosome<\/a> 18. <a href=\"https:\/\/www.cenata.de\/en\/encyclopedia\/trisomy-18\/\" target=\"_self\" title=\"Trisomy 18 occurs when there are three copies of chromosome 18. Trisomy 18 is also called Edwards syndrome.\" class=\"encyclopedia\">Trisomy 18<\/a> causes Edwards syndrome and is associated with a very high miscarriage rate. Children born with Edwards syndrome are typically seriously disabled and usually suffer from multiple physical disorders. Their life expectancy is normally only a few months. It is estimated that Edwards syndrome occurs in approximately 1 out of every 5,000 newborns<sup class=\"footnote\"><a id=\"fnref-652-2\" href=\"https:\/\/www.cenata.de\/en\/for-expectant-parents\/information-on-numerical-chromosomal-disorders\/#fn-652-2\">2<\/a><\/sup>.<\/p><p>The risk of <a href=\"https:\/\/www.cenata.de\/en\/encyclopedia\/trisomy-18\/\" target=\"_self\" title=\"Trisomy 18 occurs when there are three copies of chromosome 18. Trisomy 18 is also called Edwards syndrome.\" class=\"encyclopedia\">trisomy 18<\/a> also depends to a large extent on the mother&rsquo;s age.<\/p><\/div><\/header><\/header>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-a51fd1a elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"a51fd1a\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h4 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Trisomy 13<\/h4>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-fe99602 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"fe99602\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<header class=\"entry-content-header\"><header class=\"entry-content-header\"><div id=\"footnotes-315\" class=\"footnotes\"><div id=\"footnotes-320\" class=\"footnotes\"><div class=\"flex_column av_one_full  flex_column_div av-zero-column-padding first  avia-builder-el-1  el_after_av_layerslider  avia-builder-el-no-sibling  \"><section class=\"av_textblock_section \"><div class=\"avia_textblock  \"><p><a class=\"encyclopedia\" title=\"Trisomy 13 occurs when there are three copies of chromosome 13. This leads to the development of Patau syndrome.\" href=\"https:\/\/www.cenata.de\/en\/encyclopedia\/trisomy-13\/\" target=\"_self\">Trisomy 13<\/a>&nbsp;is due to an extra copy of the <a href=\"https:\/\/www.cenata.de\/en\/encyclopedia\/chromosome\/\" target=\"_self\" title=\"A chromosome is an complex of tightly-coiled DNA and the proteins which hold the structure together. Normal human cells contain 23 pairs of chromosomes - 22 autosomes and the X and Y sex chromosomes.\" class=\"encyclopedia\">chromosome<\/a> 13.<\/p><p>T<a href=\"https:\/\/www.cenata.de\/en\/encyclopedia\/trisomy-13\/\" target=\"_self\" title=\"Trisomy 13 occurs when there are three copies of chromosome 13. This leads to the development of Patau syndrome.\" class=\"encyclopedia\">trisomy 13<\/a> causes Patau syndrome and is associated with a very high miscarriage rate. Children born with <a href=\"https:\/\/www.cenata.de\/en\/encyclopedia\/trisomy-13\/\" target=\"_self\" title=\"Trisomy 13 occurs when there are three copies of chromosome 13. This leads to the development of Patau syndrome.\" class=\"encyclopedia\">trisomy 13<\/a> usually suffer from serious congenital heart disease and other disorders, and rarely survive their first year of life.<\/p><p>It is estimated that <a href=\"https:\/\/www.cenata.de\/en\/encyclopedia\/trisomy-13\/\" target=\"_self\" title=\"Trisomy 13 occurs when there are three copies of chromosome 13. This leads to the development of Patau syndrome.\" class=\"encyclopedia\">trisomy 13<\/a> occurs in approximately 1 out of every 16,000 newborns<sup class=\"footnote\"><a id=\"fnref-652-3\" href=\"https:\/\/www.cenata.de\/en\/for-expectant-parents\/information-on-numerical-chromosomal-disorders\/#fn-652-3\">3<\/a><\/sup>; advanced maternal age increases the risk of this <a href=\"https:\/\/www.cenata.de\/en\/encyclopedia\/trisomy\/\" target=\"_self\" title=\"Trisomy means that there are three copies (trisom) of a complete or partial chromosome, instead of the normal two (disom).\" class=\"encyclopedia\">trisomy<\/a>.<\/p><\/div><\/section><\/div><div id=\"footnotes-652\" class=\"footnotes\"><div class=\"footnotedivider\">&nbsp;<\/div><ol><li id=\"fn-652-1\"><a href=\"https:\/\/ghr.nlm.nih.gov\/condition\/downsyndrome\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">U.S. National Library of Medicine. Genetics Home Reference. Down Syndrome.<\/a>&nbsp;<span class=\"footnotereverse\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.cenata.de\/en\/for-expectant-parents\/information-on-numerical-chromosomal-disorders\/#fnref-652-1\">&#8617;<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"fn-652-2\"><a href=\"https:\/\/ghr.nlm.nih.gov\/condition\/trisomy-18\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">U.S. National Library of Medicine. Genetics Home Reference. Trisomy 18.<\/a>&nbsp;<span class=\"footnotereverse\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.cenata.de\/en\/for-expectant-parents\/information-on-numerical-chromosomal-disorders\/#fnref-652-2\">&#8617;<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"fn-652-3\"><a href=\"https:\/\/ghr.nlm.nih.gov\/condition\/trisomy-13\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">U.S. National Library of Medicine. Genetics Home Reference. Trisomy 13<\/a>.&nbsp;<span class=\"footnotereverse\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.cenata.de\/en\/for-expectant-parents\/information-on-numerical-chromosomal-disorders\/#fnref-652-3\">&#8617;<\/a><\/span><\/li><\/ol><\/div><p>&nbsp;<\/p><\/div><\/div><\/header><\/header>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-cc77e53 elementor-hidden-mobile elementor-hidden-desktop elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"cc77e53\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-46e3b15 elementor-hidden-mobile\" data-id=\"46e3b15\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\" data-settings='{\"background_background\":\"classic\"}'>\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-dd27d72 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"dd27d72\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h4 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">FOR EXPECTANT PARENTS<\/h4>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-7f0d79c elementor-nav-menu__align-end elementor-nav-menu--dropdown-mobile elementor-nav-menu__text-align-aside elementor-nav-menu--toggle elementor-nav-menu--burger elementor-widget elementor-widget-nav-menu\" data-id=\"7f0d79c\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-settings='{\"layout\":\"vertical\",\"submenu_icon\":{\"value\":\"&lt;i class=\\\"\\\" aria-hidden=\\\"true\\\"&gt;&lt;\\\/i&gt;\",\"library\":\"\"},\"toggle\":\"burger\"}' data-widget_type=\"nav-menu.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<nav aria-label=\"Menu\" class=\"elementor-nav-menu--main elementor-nav-menu__container elementor-nav-menu--layout-vertical e--pointer-background e--animation-fade\">\n\t\t\t\t<ul id=\"menu-1-7f0d79c\" class=\"elementor-nav-menu sm-vertical\"><li class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-22939\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.cenata.de\/en\/for-physicians\/harmony-test-procedure\/\" class=\"elementor-item menu-link\">Harmony&reg; Test procedure<\/a><\/li>\n<li class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-23371\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.cenata.de\/en\/for-expectant-parents\/understanding-the-results\/\" class=\"elementor-item menu-link\">Understanding the results<\/a><\/li>\n<li class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-23373\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.cenata.de\/en\/for-expectant-parents\/information-on-numerical-chromosomal-disorders\/\" class=\"elementor-item menu-link\">Information on numerical chromosomal disorders<\/a><\/li>\n<li class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-23372\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.cenata.de\/en\/for-expectant-parents\/information-on-x-and-y-chromosomal-disorders\/\" class=\"elementor-item menu-link\">Information on X and Y chromosomal disorders<\/a><\/li>\n<li class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-23375\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.cenata.de\/en\/for-expectant-parents\/reimbursement-of-costs\/\" class=\"elementor-item menu-link\">Reimbursement of costs<\/a><\/li>\n<li class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-22970\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.cenata.de\/en\/for-expectant-parents\/useful-links-for-parents\/\" class=\"elementor-item menu-link\">Useful links for parents<\/a><\/li>\n<li class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-22962\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.cenata.de\/en\/services\/download\/\" class=\"elementor-item menu-link\">Download<\/a><\/li>\n<li class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-22943\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.cenata.de\/en\/for-expectant-parents\/faq\/\" class=\"elementor-item menu-link\">Frequently Asked Questions<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\t\t\t<\/nav>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-menu-toggle\" role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-label=\"Menu Toggle\" aria-expanded=\"false\">\n\t\t\t<i aria-hidden=\"true\" role=\"presentation\" class=\"elementor-menu-toggle__icon--open eicon-menu-bar\"><\/i><i aria-hidden=\"true\" role=\"presentation\" class=\"elementor-menu-toggle__icon--close eicon-close\"><\/i>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<nav class=\"elementor-nav-menu--dropdown elementor-nav-menu__container\" aria-hidden=\"true\">\n\t\t\t\t<ul id=\"menu-2-7f0d79c\" class=\"elementor-nav-menu sm-vertical\"><li class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-22939\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.cenata.de\/en\/for-physicians\/harmony-test-procedure\/\" class=\"elementor-item menu-link\" tabindex=\"-1\">Harmony&reg; Test procedure<\/a><\/li>\n<li class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-23371\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.cenata.de\/en\/for-expectant-parents\/understanding-the-results\/\" class=\"elementor-item menu-link\" tabindex=\"-1\">Understanding the results<\/a><\/li>\n<li class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-23373\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.cenata.de\/en\/for-expectant-parents\/information-on-numerical-chromosomal-disorders\/\" class=\"elementor-item menu-link\" tabindex=\"-1\">Information on numerical chromosomal disorders<\/a><\/li>\n<li class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-23372\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.cenata.de\/en\/for-expectant-parents\/information-on-x-and-y-chromosomal-disorders\/\" class=\"elementor-item menu-link\" tabindex=\"-1\">Information on X and Y chromosomal disorders<\/a><\/li>\n<li class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-23375\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.cenata.de\/en\/for-expectant-parents\/reimbursement-of-costs\/\" class=\"elementor-item menu-link\" tabindex=\"-1\">Reimbursement of costs<\/a><\/li>\n<li class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-22970\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.cenata.de\/en\/for-expectant-parents\/useful-links-for-parents\/\" class=\"elementor-item menu-link\" tabindex=\"-1\">Useful links for parents<\/a><\/li>\n<li class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-22962\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.cenata.de\/en\/services\/download\/\" class=\"elementor-item menu-link\" tabindex=\"-1\">Download<\/a><\/li>\n<li class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-22943\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.cenata.de\/en\/for-expectant-parents\/faq\/\" class=\"elementor-item menu-link\" tabindex=\"-1\">Frequently Asked Questions<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\t\t\t<\/nav>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-41a171c elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"41a171c\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h4 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">SEARCH<\/h4>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-bf24770 elementor-search-form--skin-classic elementor-search-form--button-type-icon elementor-search-form--icon-search elementor-widget elementor-widget-search-form\" data-id=\"bf24770\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-settings='{\"skin\":\"classic\"}' data-widget_type=\"search-form.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<search role=\"search\">\n\t\t\t<form class=\"elementor-search-form\" action=\"https:\/\/www.cenata.de\/en\/\" method=\"get\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-search-form__container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<label class=\"elementor-screen-only\" for=\"elementor-search-form-bf24770\">Search<\/label>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t<input id=\"elementor-search-form-bf24770\" placeholder=\"Suche...\" class=\"elementor-search-form__input\" type=\"search\" name=\"s\" value=\"\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<input type=\"hidden\" name=\"lang\" value=\"en\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<button class=\"elementor-search-form__submit\" type=\"submit\" aria-label=\"Search\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<i aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"fas fa-search\"><\/i>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/button>\n\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<\/form>\n\t\t<\/search>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-ff8a027\" data-id=\"ff8a027\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-05fa41e elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"05fa41e\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Information on numerical chromosomal disorders<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3b59f38 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"3b59f38\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<header class=\"entry-content-header\"><header class=\"entry-content-header\"><p>The Harmony<sup>&reg;<\/sup>&nbsp;Test is a very reliable test for the prenatal detection of&nbsp;<a class=\"encyclopedia\" title=\"Trisomy 21 is the most common numerical chromosomal disorder in newborns. There are three copies of chromosome 21 and this leads to the development of Down syndrome.\" href=\"https:\/\/www.cenata.de\/en\/encyclopedia\/trisomy-21\/\" target=\"_self\">trisomy 21<\/a> (Down syndrome) and other numerical chromosomal disorders (trisomies 18 and 13). The test can also be used to determine the sex of the child, disorders of the sex <a href=\"https:\/\/www.cenata.de\/en\/encyclopedia\/chromosome\/\" target=\"_self\" title=\"A chromosome is an complex of tightly-coiled DNA and the proteins which hold the structure together. Normal human cells contain 23 pairs of chromosomes - 22 autosomes and the X and Y sex chromosomes.\" class=\"encyclopedia\">chromosome<\/a>s (X, Y).<\/p><p>A human has 23 pairs of <a href=\"https:\/\/www.cenata.de\/en\/encyclopedia\/chromosome\/\" target=\"_self\" title=\"A chromosome is an complex of tightly-coiled DNA and the proteins which hold the structure together. Normal human cells contain 23 pairs of chromosomes - 22 autosomes and the X and Y sex chromosomes.\" class=\"encyclopedia\">chromosome<\/a>s; these are&nbsp;<a class=\"encyclopedia\" title=\"Deoxyribonucleic acid: biomolecule and carrier of genetic information\" href=\"https:\/\/www.cenata.de\/en\/encyclopedia\/dna\/\" target=\"_self\">DNA<\/a>&nbsp;strands and proteins that contain the genetic information. A&nbsp;<a class=\"encyclopedia\" title=\"Trisomy means that there are three copies (trisom) of a complete or partial chromosome, instead of the normal two (disom).\" href=\"https:\/\/www.cenata.de\/en\/encyclopedia\/trisomy\/\" target=\"_self\">trisomy<\/a>&nbsp;is a chromosomal disorder where there are three copies of a certain&nbsp;<a class=\"encyclopedia\" title=\"A chromosome is an complex of tightly-coiled DNA and the proteins which hold the structure together. Normal human cells contain 23 pairs of chromosomes - 22 autosomes and the X and Y sex chromosomes.\" href=\"https:\/\/www.cenata.de\/en\/encyclopedia\/chromosome\/\" target=\"_self\">chromosome<\/a>&nbsp;instead of the normal two copies.<\/p><\/header><\/header>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-inner-section elementor-element elementor-element-c0954df elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"c0954df\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-0abc2de\" data-id=\"0abc2de\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-c46e8c1 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"c46e8c1\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h4 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Trisomy 21<\/h4>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-318c19f elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"318c19f\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<header class=\"entry-content-header\"><header class=\"entry-content-header\"><p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.cenata.de\/en\/encyclopedia\/trisomy-21\/\" target=\"_self\" title=\"Trisomy 21 is the most common numerical chromosomal disorder in newborns. There are three copies of chromosome 21 and this leads to the development of Down syndrome.\" class=\"encyclopedia\">Trisomy 21<\/a> is caused by an additional copy of <a href=\"https:\/\/www.cenata.de\/en\/encyclopedia\/chromosome\/\" target=\"_self\" title=\"A chromosome is an complex of tightly-coiled DNA and the proteins which hold the structure together. Normal human cells contain 23 pairs of chromosomes - 22 autosomes and the X and Y sex chromosomes.\" class=\"encyclopedia\">chromosome<\/a> 21 and is the most common form of chromosomal disorder in humans. <a href=\"https:\/\/www.cenata.de\/en\/encyclopedia\/trisomy-21\/\" target=\"_self\" title=\"Trisomy 21 is the most common numerical chromosomal disorder in newborns. There are three copies of chromosome 21 and this leads to the development of Down syndrome.\" class=\"encyclopedia\">Trisomy 21<\/a> leads to Down syndrome, which is associated with a generally moderate intellectual disability and other disorders such as congenital heart disease. <a href=\"https:\/\/www.cenata.de\/en\/encyclopedia\/trisomy-21\/\" target=\"_self\" title=\"Trisomy 21 is the most common numerical chromosomal disorder in newborns. There are three copies of chromosome 21 and this leads to the development of Down syndrome.\" class=\"encyclopedia\">Trisomy 21<\/a> occurs in approximately 1 out of every 500 pregnancies. Approximately one-third of all children with <a href=\"https:\/\/www.cenata.de\/en\/encyclopedia\/trisomy-21\/\" target=\"_self\" title=\"Trisomy 21 is the most common numerical chromosomal disorder in newborns. There are three copies of chromosome 21 and this leads to the development of Down syndrome.\" class=\"encyclopedia\">trisomy 21<\/a> die in the mother&rsquo;s womb, thus it is estimated that only 1 out of every 830 newborns is affected by <a href=\"https:\/\/www.cenata.de\/en\/encyclopedia\/trisomy-21\/\" target=\"_self\" title=\"Trisomy 21 is the most common numerical chromosomal disorder in newborns. There are three copies of chromosome 21 and this leads to the development of Down syndrome.\" class=\"encyclopedia\">trisomy 21<\/a><sup class=\"footnote\"><a id=\"fnref-652-1\" href=\"https:\/\/www.cenata.de\/en\/for-expectant-parents\/information-on-numerical-chromosomal-disorders\/#fn-652-1\">1<\/a><\/sup>. The likelihood the occurrence of <a href=\"https:\/\/www.cenata.de\/en\/encyclopedia\/trisomy-21\/\" target=\"_self\" title=\"Trisomy 21 is the most common numerical chromosomal disorder in newborns. There are three copies of chromosome 21 and this leads to the development of Down syndrome.\" class=\"encyclopedia\">trisomy 21<\/a> depends largely on the age of the mother; for example, the risk of <a href=\"https:\/\/www.cenata.de\/en\/encyclopedia\/trisomy-21\/\" target=\"_self\" title=\"Trisomy 21 is the most common numerical chromosomal disorder in newborns. There are three copies of chromosome 21 and this leads to the development of Down syndrome.\" class=\"encyclopedia\">trisomy 21<\/a> for a 20-year-old pregnant woman is approximately 1 in 1050, whereas the risk for a 40-year-old woman is approximately 1 in 100 (figures at the end of the first&nbsp;<a class=\"encyclopedia\" title=\"Trimester is the medical term used to describe the division of a pregnancy into three phases of three months each.\" href=\"https:\/\/www.cenata.de\/en\/encyclopedia\/trimester\/\" target=\"_self\">trimester<\/a>&nbsp;of the pregnancy).<\/p><\/header><\/header>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-efca712 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"efca712\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h4 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Trisomy 18<\/h4>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-29a924d elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"29a924d\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<header class=\"entry-content-header\"><header class=\"entry-content-header\"><div id=\"footnotes-315\" class=\"footnotes\"><p><a class=\"encyclopedia\" title=\"Trisomy 18 occurs when there are three copies of chromosome 18. Trisomy 18 is also called Edwards syndrome.\" href=\"https:\/\/www.cenata.de\/en\/encyclopedia\/trisomy-18\/\" target=\"_self\">Trisomy 18<\/a>&nbsp;is due to an extra copy of <a href=\"https:\/\/www.cenata.de\/en\/encyclopedia\/chromosome\/\" target=\"_self\" title=\"A chromosome is an complex of tightly-coiled DNA and the proteins which hold the structure together. Normal human cells contain 23 pairs of chromosomes - 22 autosomes and the X and Y sex chromosomes.\" class=\"encyclopedia\">chromosome<\/a> 18. <a href=\"https:\/\/www.cenata.de\/en\/encyclopedia\/trisomy-18\/\" target=\"_self\" title=\"Trisomy 18 occurs when there are three copies of chromosome 18. Trisomy 18 is also called Edwards syndrome.\" class=\"encyclopedia\">Trisomy 18<\/a> causes Edwards syndrome and is associated with a very high miscarriage rate. Children born with Edwards syndrome are typically seriously disabled and usually suffer from multiple physical disorders. Their life expectancy is normally only a few months. It is estimated that Edwards syndrome occurs in approximately 1 out of every 5,000 newborns<sup class=\"footnote\"><a id=\"fnref-652-2\" href=\"https:\/\/www.cenata.de\/en\/for-expectant-parents\/information-on-numerical-chromosomal-disorders\/#fn-652-2\">2<\/a><\/sup>.<\/p><p>The risk of <a href=\"https:\/\/www.cenata.de\/en\/encyclopedia\/trisomy-18\/\" target=\"_self\" title=\"Trisomy 18 occurs when there are three copies of chromosome 18. Trisomy 18 is also called Edwards syndrome.\" class=\"encyclopedia\">trisomy 18<\/a> also depends to a large extent on the mother&rsquo;s age.<\/p><\/div><\/header><\/header>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-48af251 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"48af251\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h4 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Trisomy 13<\/h4>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-e761470 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"e761470\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<header class=\"entry-content-header\"><header class=\"entry-content-header\"><div id=\"footnotes-315\" class=\"footnotes\"><div id=\"footnotes-320\" class=\"footnotes\"><div class=\"flex_column av_one_full  flex_column_div av-zero-column-padding first  avia-builder-el-1  el_after_av_layerslider  avia-builder-el-no-sibling  \"><section class=\"av_textblock_section \"><div class=\"avia_textblock  \"><p><a class=\"encyclopedia\" title=\"Trisomy 13 occurs when there are three copies of chromosome 13. This leads to the development of Patau syndrome.\" href=\"https:\/\/www.cenata.de\/en\/encyclopedia\/trisomy-13\/\" target=\"_self\">Trisomy 13<\/a>&nbsp;is due to an extra copy of the <a href=\"https:\/\/www.cenata.de\/en\/encyclopedia\/chromosome\/\" target=\"_self\" title=\"A chromosome is an complex of tightly-coiled DNA and the proteins which hold the structure together. Normal human cells contain 23 pairs of chromosomes - 22 autosomes and the X and Y sex chromosomes.\" class=\"encyclopedia\">chromosome<\/a> 13.<\/p><p>T<a href=\"https:\/\/www.cenata.de\/en\/encyclopedia\/trisomy-13\/\" target=\"_self\" title=\"Trisomy 13 occurs when there are three copies of chromosome 13. This leads to the development of Patau syndrome.\" class=\"encyclopedia\">trisomy 13<\/a> causes Patau syndrome and is associated with a very high miscarriage rate. Children born with <a href=\"https:\/\/www.cenata.de\/en\/encyclopedia\/trisomy-13\/\" target=\"_self\" title=\"Trisomy 13 occurs when there are three copies of chromosome 13. This leads to the development of Patau syndrome.\" class=\"encyclopedia\">trisomy 13<\/a> usually suffer from serious congenital heart disease and other disorders, and rarely survive their first year of life.<\/p><p>It is estimated that <a href=\"https:\/\/www.cenata.de\/en\/encyclopedia\/trisomy-13\/\" target=\"_self\" title=\"Trisomy 13 occurs when there are three copies of chromosome 13. This leads to the development of Patau syndrome.\" class=\"encyclopedia\">trisomy 13<\/a> occurs in approximately 1 out of every 16,000 newborns<sup class=\"footnote\"><a id=\"fnref-652-3\" href=\"https:\/\/www.cenata.de\/en\/for-expectant-parents\/information-on-numerical-chromosomal-disorders\/#fn-652-3\">3<\/a><\/sup>; advanced maternal age increases the risk of this <a href=\"https:\/\/www.cenata.de\/en\/encyclopedia\/trisomy\/\" target=\"_self\" title=\"Trisomy means that there are three copies (trisom) of a complete or partial chromosome, instead of the normal two (disom).\" class=\"encyclopedia\">trisomy<\/a>.<\/p><\/div><\/section><\/div><div id=\"footnotes-652\" class=\"footnotes\"><div class=\"footnotedivider\">&nbsp;<\/div><ol><li id=\"fn-652-1\"><a href=\"https:\/\/ghr.nlm.nih.gov\/condition\/downsyndrome\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">U.S. National Library of Medicine. Genetics Home Reference. Down Syndrome.<\/a>&nbsp;<span class=\"footnotereverse\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.cenata.de\/en\/for-expectant-parents\/information-on-numerical-chromosomal-disorders\/#fnref-652-1\">&#8617;<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"fn-652-2\"><a href=\"https:\/\/ghr.nlm.nih.gov\/condition\/trisomy-18\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">U.S. National Library of Medicine. Genetics Home Reference. Trisomy 18.<\/a>&nbsp;<span class=\"footnotereverse\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.cenata.de\/en\/for-expectant-parents\/information-on-numerical-chromosomal-disorders\/#fnref-652-2\">&#8617;<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"fn-652-3\"><a href=\"https:\/\/ghr.nlm.nih.gov\/condition\/trisomy-13\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">U.S. National Library of Medicine. Genetics Home Reference. Trisomy 13<\/a>.&nbsp;<span class=\"footnotereverse\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.cenata.de\/en\/for-expectant-parents\/information-on-numerical-chromosomal-disorders\/#fnref-652-3\">&#8617;<\/a><\/span><\/li><\/ol><\/div><p>&nbsp;<\/p><\/div><\/div><\/header><\/header>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-0e38161 elementor-section-stretched elementor-hidden-desktop elementor-hidden-tablet elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"0e38161\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\" data-settings='{\"stretch_section\":\"section-stretched\"}'>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-64c38c2\" data-id=\"64c38c2\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-d430c77 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"d430c77\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Information on numerical chromosomal disorders<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-424f0fe elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"424f0fe\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<header class=\"entry-content-header\"><header class=\"entry-content-header\"><p>The Harmony<sup>&reg;<\/sup>&nbsp;Test is a very reliable test for the prenatal detection of&nbsp;<a class=\"encyclopedia\" title=\"Trisomy 21 is the most common numerical chromosomal disorder in newborns. There are three copies of chromosome 21 and this leads to the development of Down syndrome.\" href=\"https:\/\/www.cenata.de\/en\/encyclopedia\/trisomy-21\/\" target=\"_self\">trisomy 21<\/a> (Down syndrome) and other numerical chromosomal disorders (trisomies 18 and 13). The test can also be used to determine the sex of the child, disorders of the sex <a href=\"https:\/\/www.cenata.de\/en\/encyclopedia\/chromosome\/\" target=\"_self\" title=\"A chromosome is an complex of tightly-coiled DNA and the proteins which hold the structure together. Normal human cells contain 23 pairs of chromosomes - 22 autosomes and the X and Y sex chromosomes.\" class=\"encyclopedia\">chromosome<\/a>s (X, Y).<\/p><p>A human has 23 pairs of <a href=\"https:\/\/www.cenata.de\/en\/encyclopedia\/chromosome\/\" target=\"_self\" title=\"A chromosome is an complex of tightly-coiled DNA and the proteins which hold the structure together. Normal human cells contain 23 pairs of chromosomes - 22 autosomes and the X and Y sex chromosomes.\" class=\"encyclopedia\">chromosome<\/a>s; these are&nbsp;<a class=\"encyclopedia\" title=\"Deoxyribonucleic acid: biomolecule and carrier of genetic information\" href=\"https:\/\/www.cenata.de\/en\/encyclopedia\/dna\/\" target=\"_self\">DNA<\/a>&nbsp;strands and proteins that contain the genetic information. A&nbsp;<a class=\"encyclopedia\" title=\"Trisomy means that there are three copies (trisom) of a complete or partial chromosome, instead of the normal two (disom).\" href=\"https:\/\/www.cenata.de\/en\/encyclopedia\/trisomy\/\" target=\"_self\">trisomy<\/a>&nbsp;is a chromosomal disorder where there are three copies of a certain&nbsp;<a class=\"encyclopedia\" title=\"A chromosome is an complex of tightly-coiled DNA and the proteins which hold the structure together. Normal human cells contain 23 pairs of chromosomes - 22 autosomes and the X and Y sex chromosomes.\" href=\"https:\/\/www.cenata.de\/en\/encyclopedia\/chromosome\/\" target=\"_self\">chromosome<\/a>&nbsp;instead of the normal two copies.<\/p><\/header><\/header>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-inner-section elementor-element elementor-element-eb28162 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"eb28162\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-4dd90fc\" data-id=\"4dd90fc\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-f902ecb elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"f902ecb\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h4 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Trisomy 21<\/h4>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-c61970e elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"c61970e\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<header class=\"entry-content-header\"><header class=\"entry-content-header\"><p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.cenata.de\/en\/encyclopedia\/trisomy-21\/\" target=\"_self\" title=\"Trisomy 21 is the most common numerical chromosomal disorder in newborns. There are three copies of chromosome 21 and this leads to the development of Down syndrome.\" class=\"encyclopedia\">Trisomy 21<\/a> is caused by an additional copy of <a href=\"https:\/\/www.cenata.de\/en\/encyclopedia\/chromosome\/\" target=\"_self\" title=\"A chromosome is an complex of tightly-coiled DNA and the proteins which hold the structure together. Normal human cells contain 23 pairs of chromosomes - 22 autosomes and the X and Y sex chromosomes.\" class=\"encyclopedia\">chromosome<\/a> 21 and is the most common form of chromosomal disorder in humans. <a href=\"https:\/\/www.cenata.de\/en\/encyclopedia\/trisomy-21\/\" target=\"_self\" title=\"Trisomy 21 is the most common numerical chromosomal disorder in newborns. There are three copies of chromosome 21 and this leads to the development of Down syndrome.\" class=\"encyclopedia\">Trisomy 21<\/a> leads to Down syndrome, which is associated with a generally moderate intellectual disability and other disorders such as congenital heart disease. <a href=\"https:\/\/www.cenata.de\/en\/encyclopedia\/trisomy-21\/\" target=\"_self\" title=\"Trisomy 21 is the most common numerical chromosomal disorder in newborns. There are three copies of chromosome 21 and this leads to the development of Down syndrome.\" class=\"encyclopedia\">Trisomy 21<\/a> occurs in approximately 1 out of every 500 pregnancies. Approximately one-third of all children with <a href=\"https:\/\/www.cenata.de\/en\/encyclopedia\/trisomy-21\/\" target=\"_self\" title=\"Trisomy 21 is the most common numerical chromosomal disorder in newborns. There are three copies of chromosome 21 and this leads to the development of Down syndrome.\" class=\"encyclopedia\">trisomy 21<\/a> die in the mother&rsquo;s womb, thus it is estimated that only 1 out of every 830 newborns is affected by <a href=\"https:\/\/www.cenata.de\/en\/encyclopedia\/trisomy-21\/\" target=\"_self\" title=\"Trisomy 21 is the most common numerical chromosomal disorder in newborns. There are three copies of chromosome 21 and this leads to the development of Down syndrome.\" class=\"encyclopedia\">trisomy 21<\/a><sup class=\"footnote\"><a id=\"fnref-652-1\" href=\"https:\/\/www.cenata.de\/en\/for-expectant-parents\/information-on-numerical-chromosomal-disorders\/#fn-652-1\">1<\/a><\/sup>. The likelihood the occurrence of <a href=\"https:\/\/www.cenata.de\/en\/encyclopedia\/trisomy-21\/\" target=\"_self\" title=\"Trisomy 21 is the most common numerical chromosomal disorder in newborns. There are three copies of chromosome 21 and this leads to the development of Down syndrome.\" class=\"encyclopedia\">trisomy 21<\/a> depends largely on the age of the mother; for example, the risk of <a href=\"https:\/\/www.cenata.de\/en\/encyclopedia\/trisomy-21\/\" target=\"_self\" title=\"Trisomy 21 is the most common numerical chromosomal disorder in newborns. There are three copies of chromosome 21 and this leads to the development of Down syndrome.\" class=\"encyclopedia\">trisomy 21<\/a> for a 20-year-old pregnant woman is approximately 1 in 1050, whereas the risk for a 40-year-old woman is approximately 1 in 100 (figures at the end of the first&nbsp;<a class=\"encyclopedia\" title=\"Trimester is the medical term used to describe the division of a pregnancy into three phases of three months each.\" href=\"https:\/\/www.cenata.de\/en\/encyclopedia\/trimester\/\" target=\"_self\">trimester<\/a>&nbsp;of the pregnancy).<\/p><\/header><\/header>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-ff5e3b8 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"ff5e3b8\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h4 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Trisomy 18<\/h4>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-87095f7 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"87095f7\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<header class=\"entry-content-header\"><header class=\"entry-content-header\"><div id=\"footnotes-315\" class=\"footnotes\"><p><a class=\"encyclopedia\" title=\"Trisomy 18 occurs when there are three copies of chromosome 18. Trisomy 18 is also called Edwards syndrome.\" href=\"https:\/\/www.cenata.de\/en\/encyclopedia\/trisomy-18\/\" target=\"_self\">Trisomy 18<\/a>&nbsp;is due to an extra copy of <a href=\"https:\/\/www.cenata.de\/en\/encyclopedia\/chromosome\/\" target=\"_self\" title=\"A chromosome is an complex of tightly-coiled DNA and the proteins which hold the structure together. Normal human cells contain 23 pairs of chromosomes - 22 autosomes and the X and Y sex chromosomes.\" class=\"encyclopedia\">chromosome<\/a> 18. <a href=\"https:\/\/www.cenata.de\/en\/encyclopedia\/trisomy-18\/\" target=\"_self\" title=\"Trisomy 18 occurs when there are three copies of chromosome 18. Trisomy 18 is also called Edwards syndrome.\" class=\"encyclopedia\">Trisomy 18<\/a> causes Edwards syndrome and is associated with a very high miscarriage rate. Children born with Edwards syndrome are typically seriously disabled and usually suffer from multiple physical disorders. Their life expectancy is normally only a few months. It is estimated that Edwards syndrome occurs in approximately 1 out of every 5,000 newborns<sup class=\"footnote\"><a id=\"fnref-652-2\" href=\"https:\/\/www.cenata.de\/en\/for-expectant-parents\/information-on-numerical-chromosomal-disorders\/#fn-652-2\">2<\/a><\/sup>.<\/p><p>The risk of <a href=\"https:\/\/www.cenata.de\/en\/encyclopedia\/trisomy-18\/\" target=\"_self\" title=\"Trisomy 18 occurs when there are three copies of chromosome 18. Trisomy 18 is also called Edwards syndrome.\" class=\"encyclopedia\">trisomy 18<\/a> also depends to a large extent on the mother&rsquo;s age.<\/p><\/div><\/header><\/header>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-4a2bfe6 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"4a2bfe6\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h4 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Trisomy 13<\/h4>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-9c91f0a elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"9c91f0a\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<header class=\"entry-content-header\"><header class=\"entry-content-header\"><div id=\"footnotes-315\" class=\"footnotes\"><div id=\"footnotes-320\" class=\"footnotes\"><div class=\"flex_column av_one_full  flex_column_div av-zero-column-padding first  avia-builder-el-1  el_after_av_layerslider  avia-builder-el-no-sibling  \"><section class=\"av_textblock_section \"><div class=\"avia_textblock  \"><p><a class=\"encyclopedia\" title=\"Trisomy 13 occurs when there are three copies of chromosome 13. This leads to the development of Patau syndrome.\" href=\"https:\/\/www.cenata.de\/en\/encyclopedia\/trisomy-13\/\" target=\"_self\">Trisomy 13<\/a>&nbsp;is due to an extra copy of the <a href=\"https:\/\/www.cenata.de\/en\/encyclopedia\/chromosome\/\" target=\"_self\" title=\"A chromosome is an complex of tightly-coiled DNA and the proteins which hold the structure together. Normal human cells contain 23 pairs of chromosomes - 22 autosomes and the X and Y sex chromosomes.\" class=\"encyclopedia\">chromosome<\/a> 13.<\/p><p>T<a href=\"https:\/\/www.cenata.de\/en\/encyclopedia\/trisomy-13\/\" target=\"_self\" title=\"Trisomy 13 occurs when there are three copies of chromosome 13. This leads to the development of Patau syndrome.\" class=\"encyclopedia\">trisomy 13<\/a> causes Patau syndrome and is associated with a very high miscarriage rate. Children born with <a href=\"https:\/\/www.cenata.de\/en\/encyclopedia\/trisomy-13\/\" target=\"_self\" title=\"Trisomy 13 occurs when there are three copies of chromosome 13. This leads to the development of Patau syndrome.\" class=\"encyclopedia\">trisomy 13<\/a> usually suffer from serious congenital heart disease and other disorders, and rarely survive their first year of life.<\/p><p>It is estimated that <a href=\"https:\/\/www.cenata.de\/en\/encyclopedia\/trisomy-13\/\" target=\"_self\" title=\"Trisomy 13 occurs when there are three copies of chromosome 13. This leads to the development of Patau syndrome.\" class=\"encyclopedia\">trisomy 13<\/a> occurs in approximately 1 out of every 16,000 newborns<sup class=\"footnote\"><a id=\"fnref-652-3\" href=\"https:\/\/www.cenata.de\/en\/for-expectant-parents\/information-on-numerical-chromosomal-disorders\/#fn-652-3\">3<\/a><\/sup>; advanced maternal age increases the risk of this <a href=\"https:\/\/www.cenata.de\/en\/encyclopedia\/trisomy\/\" target=\"_self\" title=\"Trisomy means that there are three copies (trisom) of a complete or partial chromosome, instead of the normal two (disom).\" class=\"encyclopedia\">trisomy<\/a>.<\/p><\/div><\/section><\/div><div id=\"footnotes-652\" class=\"footnotes\"><div class=\"footnotedivider\">&nbsp;<\/div><ol><li id=\"fn-652-1\"><a href=\"https:\/\/ghr.nlm.nih.gov\/condition\/downsyndrome\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">U.S. National Library of Medicine. Genetics Home Reference. Down Syndrome.<\/a>&nbsp;<span class=\"footnotereverse\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.cenata.de\/en\/for-expectant-parents\/information-on-numerical-chromosomal-disorders\/#fnref-652-1\">&#8617;<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"fn-652-2\"><a href=\"https:\/\/ghr.nlm.nih.gov\/condition\/trisomy-18\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">U.S. National Library of Medicine. Genetics Home Reference. Trisomy 18.<\/a>&nbsp;<span class=\"footnotereverse\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.cenata.de\/en\/for-expectant-parents\/information-on-numerical-chromosomal-disorders\/#fnref-652-2\">&#8617;<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"fn-652-3\"><a href=\"https:\/\/ghr.nlm.nih.gov\/condition\/trisomy-13\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">U.S. National Library of Medicine. Genetics Home Reference. Trisomy 13<\/a>.&nbsp;<span class=\"footnotereverse\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.cenata.de\/en\/for-expectant-parents\/information-on-numerical-chromosomal-disorders\/#fnref-652-3\">&#8617;<\/a><\/span><\/li><\/ol><\/div><p>&nbsp;<\/p><\/div><\/div><\/header><\/header>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Reliable test.Secure decision. Reliable test.Secure decision. Reliable test.Secure decision. FOR EXPECTANT PARENTS SEARCH Information on numerical chromosomal disorders The Harmony\u00ae\u00a0Test is a very reliable test for the prenatal detection of\u00a0trisomy 21 (Down syndrome) and other numerical chromosomal disorders (trisomies 18 and 13). The test can also be used to determine the sex of the child, [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":641,"menu_order":3,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"","ast-site-content-layout":"default","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","ast-disable-related-posts":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"default","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"ast-content-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-652","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.cenata.de\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/652","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.cenata.de\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.cenata.de\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.cenata.de\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.cenata.de\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=652"}],"version-history":[{"count":16,"href":"https:\/\/www.cenata.de\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/652\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":26348,"href":"https:\/\/www.cenata.de\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/652\/revisions\/26348"}],"up":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.cenata.de\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/641"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.cenata.de\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=652"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}